The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) decided to keep the Central Bank Rate (CBR)
unchanged at 6 percent, for the quarter ending September 2024, at its quarterly meeting
held on 3rd July 2024.
According to a statement by the Bank of Tanzania Governor Emmanuel Tutuba, the MPC’s assessment of the outlook of the economy and the balance of risks indicate that, the implementation of monetary policy in the previous two quarters has successfully anchored inflation expectations well below the target of 5 percent.
This also is reinforced by a positive outlook for the global economy, especially expectations of falling inflation in most countries, easing financial conditions in international markets, and moderate prices in the world market, noted the statement.
Furthermore, the MPC expects Tanzania economy to continue growing strongly,food supply to be adequate, and exchange rate pressures to moderate owing to increased foreign exchange inflows from tourism, gold, as well as cash crops and food.
On global economic activity, the MPC observed that growth outturns in the first and second quarters of 2024 have been strong in most countries. Inflation has been falling, financial conditions easing, and central banks in most countries have receded the interest rate hiking cycle.
Crude oil prices declined, but edged up towards the end of June 2024. The price of gold remained elevated, as investors sought safe-haven assets, amidst currency depreciation and geopolitical conflicts.
On balance, these global economic conditions are expected to prevail in the outer period of 2024
and in the subsequent year, despite facing a risk of further escalation of geopolitical conflicts and
trade disputes, noted the Governor’s statement
Domestic economic conditions have improved significantly in the recent past, at the back of
implementation of policies and reforms for fostering high economic growth. The outlook also is
positive, driven by expected favourable weather for agriculture, adequate power supply,
improvement in infrastructure (especially railways, roads, and ports), as well as policies and
reform programs. The summary of assessment of the recent performance of the economy and
outlook is as follows:
(i) The economy continued to grow, recording a growth of 5.1 percent in 2023, higher than
4.7 percent in the previous year. The main growth drivers were agriculture, mining,
quarrying, construction, and financial intermediation (mainly credit to the private sector).
Tourism, which cuts across many activities, also contributed to the strong growth.
The MPC forecast growth in the first and second quarters of 2024 also to be high, at around 5
and 5.4 percent, respectively.
Similarly, the Zanzibar economy expanded by 7.4 percent in 2023, compared to 6.8 percent in 2022, driven largely by tourism activities, construction, and real estate. Economic growth is projected to be high in the second half of 2024 and the years ahead.
(ii) Inflation remained below the target of 5 percent and consistent with the EAC and SADC
convergence criteria. In April and May 2024, inflation was 3 percent and 3.1 percent,
respectively. The inflation outturn was attributable low food inflation from adequate food
supply, complemented by prudent monetary and fiscal policies. Inflation in Zanzibar also
declined to the medium target of 5 percent, owing to a decline in both food and non-food
prices. Inflation is projected to remain low in the second half of 2024 and beyond, ranging
from 3-4 percent, driven by prudent monetary and fiscal policies, adequate food supply,
stable power supply, and moderate consumer goods prices in the world market.
(iii) Economic and monetary conditions contributed to strong private sector credit growth and
stability of the financial sector. On annual basis, private sector credit growth averaged
16.4 percent during the second quarter of 2024, compared with 17.1 percent in the
preceding quarter. The banking sector remained liquid, profitable, and adequately
capitalized; with deposits, assets, and loans increasing. Asset quality improved, as
reflected by a lower NPL ratio of 4.4 percent in May 2024, below the torelable level of 5
percent and 5.5 percent recorded in the corresponding period in 2023. Credit to the private
sector is expected to remain high, against the backdrop of improving global and domestic
economic conditions.
(iv) Fiscal performance was satisfactory, aligned with the budget, and supporting the
implementation of monetary policy. Revenue performance improved during the quarter,
estimated at 95 percent of the target. Zanzibar’s revenue surpassed the target by 0.3
percent, largely due to improved taxpayer compliance and payment of tax arrears. For
2024/25, the Government intends to implement fiscal consolidation to align expenditure
with resources and continue implementing the IMF-supported ECF program successfully,
along with the Resilience and Sustainability Facility program.
(v) The current account position continued to improve, as the global economy normalizes
from economic shocks. Exports improved on account of gold, tourism and traditional
crops, meanwhile imports increased at a lesser extent than exports. As a result, the current
account deficit is estimated to have narrowed to USD 959.2 million in the quarter ending
June 2024 compared with USD 977.8 million in the corresponding quarter in 2023. In
Zanzibar, the current account is estimated to have reached a surplus of USD 421.5 million
in the year ending June 2024, compared with a surplus of USD 411.5 million in the
corresponding period in 2023, attributed to an increase in service receipts, particularly tourism. The current account deficit is expected to continue gradually improving, reaching 3.2 percent of GDP in the subsequent quarters.
(vi) Foreign exchange reserves remained adequate, above USD 5 billion at the end of June
2024, sufficient to cover more than 4 months of projected imports. Foreign currency
liquidity improved slightly towards the end of June 2024, attributable to a gradual increase
in foreign flows from tobacco, gold, and tourism. There is anticipation of a further increase
in foreign exchange inflows from tourism, mining, traditional exports, and export of food to
neighbouring countries. The projected improvement in global economic conditions and
moderation in the commodity prices in the global market will also contribute. Furthermore,
measures to limit transaction dollarisation between residents (invoicing or quotation and
payment using foreign currency) are expected to reduce the demand for foreign currency
and increase foreign reserves. The Bank is expected to increase diversification of its
foreign reserve portfolio through purchase of gold from local markets.
